Government Interaction after Hurricane Katrina - 1764 Words

According to the Business Dictionary, government involvement is considered any â€Å"regulatory action taken by a government in order to affect or interfere with decisions.† Many accuse the United States’ national government of minimal and slow actions taken after the tragedy of Hurricane Katrina. Others share the blame of this response between local, state, and national governments. This research paper will focus on the government’s interaction after the strike of a furious Hurricane Katrina. Katrina hit New Orleans, Louisiana on August 29th, 2005, but the failure of the government started before this day â€Å"by allowing building and growing in areas in low flood lands.† The government did not regulate these land areas that have always been at a threat for flooding and natural disaster, which was ignored by the government and public, and was in place, still a place for growing infrastructure. Failures included by the author of the national agencies include design limits that can lead to levees being overtopped by flood and hurricane events that are larger than they were designed for and design flaws and construction and maintenance shortcomings that lead to protective works being breached when they cannot stand up to the forces exerted by large flood and hurricane events. The author also points out the problems with the hundred-year flood event, which only has a one percent chance of happening every year. When the NFIP focuses on this possible catastrophe, it l osses theShow MoreRelatedUnited States Government Response to Hurricane Katrina: Where Does the Blame Belong?1645 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness Dictionary, government involvement is considered any â€Å"regulatory action taken by a government in order to affect or interfere with decisions.† Many accuse the United States’ national government of minimal and slow actions taken after the tragedy of Hurricane Katrina, while others share the blame of this response. Local, state, and national government response will be discussed, focusing on the government’s interaction after the strike of Hurricane Katrina. Katrina hit New Orleans, LouisianaRead MoreRebuilding after Hurricane Katrina928 Words   |  4 PagesRebuilding after Katrina Hurricane Katrina was one of the most and extraordinary disasters which rocked the part of New Orleans in the United States of America. The disaster left dozens of people dead, rendering thousands of them homeless. The public were shocked after the extreme hurricane because millions of dollars were recorded all as losses given that there was not enough money that for repairing all the damages. Hurricane Katrina had a great negative impact on the public health causingRead MoreMulti Organizational And Inter Sector Coordination920 Words   |  4 Pagesof interactions between humans and the environment, which make situations more vulnerable to unpredicted disasters (Waugh, 2007, p. 58). The disasters that have occurred are a reminder of how unprepared people are when it comes to disasters. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the purpose and benefits of multi-organizational, intergovernmental, and inter-sector coordination in emergency management. Reminder of How Unprepared Throughout the years with disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina, WenchuanRead MoreThe Hurricane Devastation Of The United States933 Words   |  4 PagesThe massive hurricane that decimated large areas of the southeastern coast originated as a small category 1 hurricane. The state and federal government received lots of criticism for their minimal preparation and their ineffectual evacuation procedures. The storm shed light on the role of the government in natural disasters and its need for serious evaluation. During the first few hours of the storm, the Louisiana National Guard did not feel concerned about the approaching rainfall. Once membersRead MoreThe Katrina And 9 / 111160 Words   |  5 Pagesimages of the suffering and despair that came from Hurricane Katrina in comparison to the images of grief and destruction that occurred on September 11, 2001. Both Hurricane Katrina and 9/11 were national catastrophes and have given many lessons learned for natural and man-made/terrorism disasters in the way of preparations, during actions, responses from Federal down to local authorities, and recovery efforts. And in both cases, the government has reevaluated its reactions and its structure forRead MoreThe Most Natural Disasters That Befall Several Times A Year1523 Words   |  7 PagesHurricanes are common natural disasters that befall several times a year. Most often, their wind strength are ranked less than Category 3, however occasionally, when conditions are favourable, they can grow into gigantic storms that bring devastation to anything in its vast reach; Hurricane Katrina of 2005 is the infamous one that pertain to the above description. Description of the Event While Katrina was only ranked sixth on the record in terms of wind strength recorded in the Atlantic basin,Read MoreThe Disaster Of Hurricane Katrina1961 Words   |  8 PagesHurricane Katrina was a catastrophic natural disaster in American history. The aftermath had substantial negative impact on New Orleans and it could have been avoided if proper disaster management practices were put in place. Therefore, it is important to determine the factors that caused the hurricane to be catastrophic. One factor that was responsible for the disaster was failure of the three levels of the government working cohesively (Thiede Brown, 2013). The incoherent interaction betweenRead MoreAnalysis Of New Orleans After The Deluge 1703 Words   |  7 Pagesbiases. They could either represent those who have undergone the specific event or that of someone who has speculated from the outside. In A.D. New Orleans after the Deluge, Josh Neufeld represents a perspective not commonly exemplified, as he a ssigns different perspectives to his character and juxtaposes them using the dialogue from their interactions. A different view of the story is told, and reasons to the questionable, or unethical actions of the victims are brought into focus and analyzed throughRead MoreAfrican Americans Decision For New Orleans Before Hurricane Katrin A Qualitative Study1153 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch ‘African Americans’ decision not to evacuate New Orleans before hurricane Katrina: a qualitative study’. Introduction Public coordination and compliance to follow mandatory orders can be critical when achieving effectiveness and efficiency in emergency evacuations. The purpose of this report is to review and critique the research article named ‘African Americans’ decision not to evacuate New Orleans before hurricane Katrina: a qualitative study’, published in American Journal of Public HealthRead MoreThe History of Hurricane Katrina Essay1796 Words   |  8 Pages The History of Hurricane Katrina On August 29, 2005, the third strongest and biggest hurricane ever recorded in American history hit the Gulf Coast at eight o’clock a.m. The interaction between a tropical depression and a tropical wave created a tropical storm later referred to as Hurricane Katrina (FAQS, 2013). Forming over the Bahamas, Hurricane Katrina gradually strengthened as it moved closer and closer to the Gulf of Mexico. Recorded on August 28th, 2005, Katrina jumped from a category three

My Experience At The Coast Guard - 956 Words

One of my first experiences in the Coast Guard was a question that went out to the whole company, â€Å"Why do you want to be in the Coast Guard?† Naturally my response was that I wanted to help people. Little did I know at the time, that as I progressed through my career, so too would the focus of my desire to help shift to the people placed under my charge. Starting out I didn’t place much thought into leadership. Luckily, I have had the privilege to serve with several people that have demonstrated exceptional leadership throughout my career. Jeff Dorwart, John Lorentz, Marvin Wells, etc., the list goes on. All of whom have imparted some of their leadership wisdom upon me, either through demonstration or conversation. Leadership to me is the ability to influence others in the pursuit of a shared vision or goal, regardless of whether it is yours or one you yourself have been influenced to follow. 2. For some of my leadership mentors, they modeled the way by their actions and personal interactions. Marvin Wells always maintained an outstanding uniform. He usually had a smile on his face and presented himself as a very approachable individual. In fact, even when I was getting â€Å"corrected†, it didn t feel like an ass chewing, rather a course correction that I ended up being harder on myself than what he was. Jeff Dorwart and John Lorentz were both big picture thinkers. They would shamelessly share the big picture, direction and desired end result with all. This created buy-in andShow MoreRelatedCoast Guard Essay1003 Words   |  5 Pages United States Coast Guard People joining the Coast Guard to become a real life hero. The U.S. government faces a serious problem protecting the home-front and, to protect a country, we need heroes. People can be a hero by joining the U.S. Coast Guard and protecting America before the threat hits American soil. As a child we all have heroes. A U.S. Coast Guard listened to his grandfathers stories of his World War II experience as a U.S. Marine, from when he wasRead MoreMy Leadership Philosophy That Spans My 22 Plus Years Of Coast Guard Service1205 Words   |  5 PagesThis is my personal presentation of my leadership philosophy that spans my 22 plus years of Coast Guard service. I’ve never precisely thought of who my leadership influences would be, I never felt like I could live up to the transformational leadership figures like George Washington and other notable history figures. I’ve had allot of disappointments in my life, maybe someone I did look up to in a leadership capacity that turned into a disappointment. Then again, no one is perfect so maybe my rationalizationRead MoreAir Station Atlantic City ( Asac ) Shortage Of Personnel And Current Number Of Aircraft1533 Words   |  7 Pagessupport the Rotary Wing Air Intercept (RWAI) mission. 2. November 2005, DHS Secretary Chertoff assigned the Coast Guard to assume the National Capital Region Air Defense Mission. In 2006, Department of Homeland Security changed the responsibility of the RWAI mission, protecting the National Capital Region, from Customs and Border Patrol to the United States Coast Guard. This was done due to the Coast Guard’s ability to respond to the Department of Defense in support of Operation Noble Eagle. The changeRead MoreLeadership As The Radio / Cic Supervisor Provided Me With One Particular Leadership Influence1255 Words   |  6 Pagespersonnel so they can focus on the mission they are in place to execute. Leaders have differing views of what leadership is to them, however my personal definition is: â€Å"Capability to lead junior personnel, peers and seniors towards a common goal, whether it is a personal achievement, unit or Coast Guard objective while propelling individuals to greater success.† 2. My assignment to the USCGC ACTIVE as the Radio/CIC supervisor provided me with one particular leadership influence. TC1 Conklin (now CWO3Read MorePersonal Statement On Leadership And Leadership1226 Words   |  5 Pagesneeded. The hard part is motivating each individual to want to reach the objective you have laid out for them. My definition of leadership is motivating others to accomplish common objectives. 2. Obviously, I did not always see this as the definition of leadership; rather, it is a definition that I have developed over time as I reflect back on the leaders I’ve had that inspired me to set my goals higher and in line with the organization whether on a unit level or Service level. These are the leadersRead MoreThe Leadership Practices Inventory : Lpi 3601213 Words   |  5 Pagesbehaviors are reinforced by prompt open recognition, while adverse behaviors are addressed privately and are a cause for self-reflection. Learning from these incidents has shaped the leader I’ve become. Leadership as a definition continually evolves in my world. Notwithstanding, there are elements that remain permanently anchored in this definition, such as respect, purpose, collaboration, heart, trust, and spirit. Carefully managing team synergy, harmonizing their dynamics, and maximizing the advantagesRead MoreCommitted Nurses: I Want to Be One897 Words   |  4 Pagesexpects you to do it. I have made several major commitments in my life, the first being, enlisting in the Unites States Coast Guard fresh out of high school. When I signed those enlistment papers, I knew that I was committing myself to serving my country for at least the next four years. I know what it takes to be committed and how to get the job done. I plan to use the skills that I have gained while in the military to manage my time efficiently and effectively. I am used to the strict timeRead MoreIs The New Leading Petty Officer?1445 Words   |  6 Pageswas uttered to me by a volunteer adult leader as a 15 year old Naval Sea Cadet following the division’s tragic loss of two petty officers, in what was dubbed by the media as the â€Å"Hail Mary Murder† (reference a). It was only about a year into my experience as a Sea Cadet when the senior most cadet in the unit was killed by another cadet petty officer. A third senior cadet, who was very close to the other two, droppe d out of the program as he couldn’t bear the trauma of coming back to the divisionRead MoreThe Leadership Of A Volunteer Adult Leader1430 Words   |  6 PagesLeading Petty Officer†, a phrase uttered to me by a volunteer adult leader as a 15 year old Naval Sea Cadet following the division’s tragic loss of two petty officers, in what the media dubbed as the â€Å"Hail Mary Murder† (reference a). A year into my experience as a Sea Cadet, when the senior youth leader died at the hands of another cadet petty officer. A third senior cadet, who’s relationship was close to the other two, dropped out of the program as he couldn’t bear the trauma of coming back to theRead MoreEpic Failure at Boot Camp795 Words   |  3 Pagesboot camp. Like any young testosterone fueled eighteen year old male, I believed that, with some preparation, my, self perceived, athletic ability and wits would propel me to triumph over the challenges presented by boot camp .After all, I had never really experienced any kind of significant failure in my life: my football team won the league championship year after year, I passed all of my classes, I had lots of friends, and I had a happy home with two working parent’s life was good, it seemed everything

Summary of Human Resource Management Free Essays

It is very important that human research management to transform from being primarily administrative and operational to strategic partner. The reason is it important is because the human resource department plays a crucial role in determining the culture of an organization. Human resources promote and implement policies and procedures. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Human Resource Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now The key areas are hiring practices, compensation, management relations and employee conduct and behavior. The decisions made by the human resources department will effect an organization in a positive or negative way. The areas that will feel the impact or challenges will be creating awareness, compensation plans, hiring practices and behavior. â€Å"The role of the Human Resource Manager is evolving with the change in competitive market environment and the realization that Human Resource Management must play a more strategic role in the success of an organization. Organizations that do not put their emphasis on attracting and retaining talents may find themselves in dire consequences, as their competitors may be outplaying them in the strategic employment of their human resources†. The human resources department can give the benefit of showing management what the culture is really like. What is revealed may lead to positive changes in the organization culture, it could also lead benefits that the employee’s need. The human resource office can also help management decide if there is a need for change or eliminate programs that are not necessary. The human resource depart is vital when it comes to compensation because it is responsibility for the design or layout programs for the organization. A lot depends on how well the human resource department does their job, such as the positive and negative impact on organizational culture. It is instrument that the HR department creates a plan with an incentive program for employees, which could motivate the employees and increase productivity. If productivity is up, then I believe they are headed in the right direction. The human resource department also determines the hiring and recruiting practices used by the organization, which has a great impact on the organizational culture. The relationships between a successful business and Human Resource Management have to be incorporated into an organizations plans and strategies to be able to maintain longevity of success. The history of the development of human resource management can be traced back to the early 1900s. Human resource manager’s original function was to basically manage the relationship between businesses and labor unions. Galbraith and Nathanson developed a model for the human resource management function that divided the human resource management function into four basic sub functions. The human resource management function was divided into seven parts. Human resource management are viewed as an essential part of an organization, also seen as a necessary to deal with labor unions. Human Resource Management focuses on securing, maintaining, and employing an effective work force, which organizations can strive. Human Resource Management involves a variation of activities, which include recruitment, and screening employees, preparing training needs, analyze human resource forecasts, compensation systems, and an understanding of the laws. The Human Resource Management function has evolved significantly since the early 1900. The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) was undergoing a renewal period. With renewal and change, it is essential for the human resource management function to adopt a strategic role in order to support and enable CSC ‘s business drivers. CSC is in the people business, and people and positive relationships comprise our most important asset; this is essential for fulfilling our public safety mandate. Every person at CSC has a role to play in helping to achieve the results set out in this Plan. CSC ‘s managers have shared accountability for these results. The Assistant Commissioner Human Resource Management is accountable for setting the foundation and people services that will enable managers to meet their business goals efficiently and effectively. The Deputy Commissioners and Assistant Commissioners, and managers and supervisor within their region or sector, are accountable for the implementation of good human resource management to provide a healthy workplace and ensure a productive and innovative workforce, and enabling learning and development. Employees are responsible for being a partner to create a healthy workplace, productive and innovative workforce, and for their learning and development. Regional support for the Plan will be assumed primarily by the Assistant Deputy Commissioners of Corporate Services. [Full description of figure: CSC’s Program Activity Architecture] This Strategic Plan for Human Resource Management covers the period of 2009-2010 to 2011-2012. The Plan integrates CSC’s business lines as found in the Program Activity Architecture and as outlined in the CSC Report on Plans and Priorities (RPP). In December 2007, after completing an in-depth review of the federal correctional system, an Independent Review Panel delivered its report, A Roadmap to Strengthening Public Safety. The human resource management priorities are aligned with the Review Panel’s observations and recommendations. The CSC Review Panel endorsed CSC ‘s Strategic Plan for Human Resource Management for 2007-2008 to 2010-2011. The Review Panel developed a set of recommendations to respond to issues that came out of discussions with frontline staff and to the underlying issues CSC must address in order to further the strategic priorities outlined in the Plan. The following chart provides a summary of the Panel’s recommendations. These recommendations are integrated throughout this plan. Full description of figure: Human Resource Management] In endorsing the previous Strategic Plan for Human Resource Management , the Panel stated that â€Å"CSC ‘s priorities in matters related to human resource management must ensure that practices are robust and effective to allow the organization to deliver on its key operational priorities and other activities in a cost effective manner, and that this is done in a way that is consistent with public service values that are essential to a healthy workplace and to the confidence and trust of Canadians. † 2 This statement is as true today as it was then, a nd while the previous 2007 CSC Strategic Plan for Human Resource Management achieved a number of milestones and brought ownership and accountability to CSC leaders by placing important HR issues on the organization’s agenda, there is still much work to be done. This Plan builds on the results of the initiatives put forth in the previous plan and continues to build on those important achievements to further support the organization in meeting its evolving business needs and the Government’s overall public safety agenda. Regional and Sector activities in the area of human resource management and services flow from this Strategic Plan. Integrated into the foundation of services provided by human resource professionals in all regions and at national headquarters in support of CSC activities, are plans and measures related to CSC priorities. Of importance in the medium and longer term is forging relationships and engaging our partners to continue to build on the current foundation of human resource management, and investing in our people through several key activities outlined under these three priorities. These priorities and key activities, including Public Service Renewal, will bring about improvements in human resource management in support of CSC’s transformation and business objectives. The organization that I would like to discuss is actually the United States Air Force. As the Career Assistance Advisor, I work with the hiring officials and putting the proper individuals with the right job. There is a process that the Human Resource department has to follow and it is imperative that they get it right. Each year the military need individuals in certain positions that meet certain criteria fill jobs. The HR department at Randolph Air Force base has to work closely with organizations or units to fill their manning needs in order to support their mission. There is an analysis of manning done for each career field to determine if a position needs to be filled, once that is determine, HR department matches members with the location and job. Also, each year the Air Force determines that some career fields are over manned and some are short manned. This situation creates a need for hiring for the short manned career field to meet the Air Force retention goals. The HR department works with units to fill special duty, regular and chronic critical jobs. The HR department finds out the needs and requirements for the positions from the units. Then the HR department creates the advertisement and screens the applicants that apply to ensure that they make the right decision based upon the needs and requirements. The HR department must ensure that the applicants meet the requirements, because when they do hire the individual, there is a lot that follows. The first thing to follow in getting the individual trained which might require technical school. The next step is getting the member to the new job location, which both cost the government money to do. The HR department that I deal with on a daily basis does a thorough job of ensuring that the individual is even eligible, before they go any further in the process, so by doing so save the government time, money and resources. The HR department is the key to keeping the Air Force properly manned and ready at all times for the mission. How to cite Summary of Human Resource Management, Papers

Iran’s Political System free essay sample

Differences between the President and the Leader: * The Supreme Leader has absolute power, while the president is under the Leader’s Rule, and has formal functions of the executive branch * The Supreme Leader is elected by the Assembly of Experts of Leadership. The president is elected through popular vote. * While the Supreme Leader can only be taken off his post by the Assembly of Experts, the President can be taken off by the Supreme Leader. * The supreme leader has exclusive control over armed forces, foreign affairs, judicial systems and the nuclear arsenal of the country. The President controls the cabinet and appoints ambassadors and governors. ?The Supreme Leader is the absolute rules and the president the chief executive with limited powers. - THE EXECUTIVE As we already said, the Islamic Republic of Iran has a unique political system. It has the trappings of a republican system while maintaining the absolute rule of an elite revolutionary Islamic council. We will write a custom essay sample on Iran’s Political System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For this reason, the country has a Supreme Leader and a President at the same time. The Executive is basically the President and his cabinet. The president is chosen by the general electorate every four years and he chooses his cabinet ministers, but they have to be approved by the Majles or parliament. THE LEGISLATIVE The Legislative is unicameral. The majles, which is made up by 290 members is elected every four years. The ones in the seats of the Majles are the top runners of the elections held on each multiple-member district. The Majles pass out bills, but they have to be approved by the Council of Guardians, which is clerically dominated. THE JUDICIARY Finally, the Judiciary is made up by a chief Judge and a Supreme Court independent of the executive and legislative but appointed by the Leader. The Supreme Court alongside the four-member High Council of the Judiciary are joined together to supervise the enforcement of laws and establish judicial and legal policies. Then, there are lower courts, which include a special clerical court, a revolutionary court, and a special administrative court. So, Iran’s political systems are a Party System, in which the ruling clergy restricts most party and organizational activities. POLITICAL PARTIES AND ELECTIONS Iran has several political groups of opposition which are: * The Liberation Movement: A moderate Islamic Party. Secular despite its religious orientation and favors the strict separation of mosque from state. * The National Font: Originated by a campaign to nationalize the country’s oil resources. Committed to nationalism and secularism. Banned by the conservative clergy as they felt threatened by it. * The Mojahedin: Tried to synthesize Marxism and Islam. Fvor equality, social justice, martyrdom, and redistribution of wealth. The Fedayin: Modeled itself after the Marxist guerrilla movement of the 1960’s. * The Tudeh: Formerly pro-Soviet communist party. ELECTIONS: Iran’s constitution promises free elections, but the republic’s democratic features have been sacrificed for its theocratic, authoritarian ones. Therefore, the Islamic Republic has lost a major component of its legitimacy. THE ROLE OF DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS: * The Guardian Council or Council of Guardians: The 12-member Council of Guardians is one of the most powerful, unelected institutions in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The supreme leader appoints six clerical members. The head of the judiciary, on advice of parliament, appoints six lay members. All 12 members are appointed to six-year terms. * The Assembly of religious experts: The Assembly of Experts, one of three institutions whose members are directly elected by popular vote (the parliament and the presidency are the others), is part of Irans complex constitutional structure of theocratic, democratic and authoritarian governance. * The Expediency Council:

The Ebola Virus Essay Example For Students

The Ebola Virus Essay The Ebola VirusThe Ebola virus (family Filoviridae) responsible for a severe and often fatal haemorrhagic fever; outbreaks in primates as well as in humans have been recorded. The disease is characterised by extreme fever, rash, and profuse haemorrhaging. Fatality rates range from 50 to 90 percent. (1) Ebola was regarded as an epidemic in 1976 when it was discovered along the Ebola River in Zaire. The outbreaks moved throughout Zaire and The Sudan. In 1995 there was another epidemic in Zaire which resulted in hundreds of deaths as did the earlier epidemics. (2) People who contracted the Ebola virus will notice symptoms 4 16 days after they contract the virus. An infected person will suddenly be hit by severe headaches, muscle aches and loss of appetite. Within a few days the virus causes a condition know as disseminated intravascular coagulation. This condition is marked by both blood clots and haemorrhaging. In the case of Ebola fever, clots are concentrated in the liver, spleen, brain, and other internal organs, forcing capillaries to bleed into surrounding tissue. Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea with blood and mucus, conjunctivitis, and sore throat soon follow. A maculopapular rash (discoloured elevations of the skin) appears on the trunk and quickly spreads to the limbs and head. The patient is then beset by spontaneous bleeding from body orifices and any breaks in the skin, such as injection sites, and within the gastrointestinal tract, skin, and internal organs. Death is usually brought on by haemorrhaging, shock, or renal failure and occurs within 8 to 17 days. (3) Like most viruses, Ebola is usually carried by animals, especially rodents. Ebola can be transmitted through contact with infected blood, semen, body fluids, and possibly urine and respiratory secretions. The virus has also been detected in the organs of patients after recovery from the fever. Unsanitary conditions and lack of adequate medical supplies have been a factor in the spread of the disease. (4) As of yet there is no known cure or treatment for the Ebola Virus. Current therapy consists of maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance and administration of blood and plasma to control bleeding. The spread of the virus can be contained by barrier nursing, handling of infected blood and tissue in isolated laboratory units, and proper decontamination of reusable equipment. (5) There were no statistics available on the Ebola Virus but for each outbreak there has been, at least 300+ people have died each time. We will write a custom essay on The Ebola Virus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now (6) Ebola is usually passed through contact with infected blood and body fluid. In some cases the virus has become airborne but has been contained. (7) If you are not living in Zaire near the Ebola river the chances of you contracting Ebola are so remote it isnt even worth considering. But if you did contract it while on a holiday in Africa, the best thing would be to keep away from everyone and ring health authorities as soon as possible.

Drugs Abuse And Rehabilitation Among Teenagers Social Work Essays

Drugs Abuse And Rehabilitation Among Teenagers Social Work Essays Drugs Abuse And Rehabilitation Among Teenagers Social Work Essay Drugs Abuse And Rehabilitation Among Teenagers Social Work Essay Due to the earnestness of drugs maltreatment and the authoritiess serious concern on drug trial in school, this research investigates the positions on the grounds of drugs maltreatment and rehabilitation among adolescents in Hong Kong. A questionnaire is collected from 109 adolescents aged from 13 to 22. It focuses on the adolescents sentiment and cognition about drugs maltreatment and rehabilitation. The findings show that adolescents largely know the status of drugs maltreatment in Hong Kong, every bit good as its consequence on drug maltreaters. Apart from the knowledge on drugs maltreatment, the grounds and the ways of drugs maltreatment are besides known good. However, it leads a inquiry Why do adolescent drug maltreaters still take drugs even if they know the consequence of drug maltreatment? It is believed that there are some external and internal influences which are strongly impacting those adolescent drug maltreaters. Besides, the HKSAR authorities should take some actions to cover with such serious job and supply aid to those drug maltreaters. Introduction Drug maltreatment is ever a popular job discussing everyplace, and now it is being more and more serious among adolescents in Hong Kong. Harmonizing to the Hong Kong Legislative Council Secretariat, the figure of reported drug maltreaters has bit by bit increased from 13252 to 14175 between 2006 and 2008 and there are extra one tierce of drug maltreaters with ages lower than 25 in 2008 ( Legislative Council Secretariat 2009 ) . It is a distressing status towards our society. After looking into the job, it is found that there are tonss of factors which make a individual falling into the trap of drug maltreatment. The major grounds of young person to be drug maltreatment included peer influence ( to place with equals ) , wonder, alleviation of boredom/depression/anxiety, seeking euphory or centripetal satisfaction, and avoiding uncomfortableness of its absence ( Legislative Council Secretariat 2009 ) . It seems that the job can non be wholly solved by stamp downing drug traffic merely. At the recent period, due to the earnestness of drug maltreatment in school, HKSAR authorities tries to present schools drug trial in TaiPo territory. It aims at happening out the adolescent drug maltreaters who want to acquire aid from others. After the first phase of the program, Government claims that it is effectual on constructing a no drugs environment inside school, and wants to present this program towards whole Hong Kong. However, this program is criticized that it does non hold complete back uping steps to assist those adolescent drug maltreaters ( China News 2010 ) . It needs non to be uncertainty that covering with the job of drug maltreatment is a long-run program. The grounds and factors must be to the full understand before set up the strategy which truly can assist those adolescent drug maltreaters. Otherwise, drug maltreatment will turn into an endless job in Hong Kong. Methodology Our intent is to analyze the grounds of drugs maltreatment and rehabilitation among adolescents in Hong Kong. The study was conducted at HKUSPACE campus, every bit good as the cyberspace. A entire figure of 109 questionnaires were collected within October. We had indiscriminately selected adolescents aged from 13 to 22 as our respondents. Since the study has been conducted at HKUSPACE campus, hence, the information is chiefly collected from university pupils and senior pupils ( see figure 1.1 ) . As the same ground as above, due to the topographic point where the study takes portion, our respondents largely belong to the group of age from 19 to 22 ( see figure 1.2 ) . It may besides demo that most of our respondents are large plenty to understand the content of study, which can assist the truth of the study consequences. The questionnaire chiefly focuses on the adolescents sentiment and cognition about drugs maltreatment and rehabilitation. There are besides some inquiries which ask about the status of drugs maltreatment in Hong Kong. It helps to understand whether adolescents are paying close attending to their environment. Furthermore, adolescents may non state the truth on some inquiries. For illustration, they may non state genuinely whether they know any their friends or schoolmates have taken drugs, since they may afraid that they will acquire problem if they answer yes . Therefore, those type of inquiries are treated as mention stuff merely which help to analyse the consequences. Beside the study, the information is besides collected from cyberspace and printed books. Due to the assortment of beginning, cyberspace is a great platform to seek for a big sum of information. Inside the books, more accurate and elaborate information can be found. Those are the grounds that why cyberspace and books are chosen to be the database of the research. Discussion Adolescents Positions on the Reasons of drug maltreatment Introduction to Drug Abuse Defined by the WHO ( World Health Organization ) a Drug can be any substance, which can come in a life being and modify one or more of its maps. If the drugs are used for intents other than the prescribed recommendation, it can be called Drug Abuse. The assorted names for Drug maltreatment are Drug dependance, Harmful drug usage, and Psychoactive substance usage upset ( Medindia ) . Addiction is normally defined as the uninterrupted, compulsive use of a drug despite the user and the society may do physical or psychological injury ( Vivek ) . Drug maltreatment is non wholly the duty of the drug nut. The chief factor is drugs itself contain habit-forming chemical that does nt allow you withdrawal from them ( Peloski ) . The effects caused by drug maltreatment can be divided into three chief parts: Physical, Psychological and Social effects. Higher Hazard of undertaking infective disease, Loss of consciousness and destroy relationships with equals or household can be the possible illustrations ( Youth Mental Health Promotion Programme ) . Reasons Our subject is the adolescents positions on the ground of drug maltreatment. However, adolescents may non cognize the existent instance in the grownup society. Therefore, to be more realistic, the study is conducted by inquiring their positions on the factors of youth drug maltreaters and here is the consequence: Peer Pressure Sing the consequence of questionnaire, Figure 2.1, equal force per unit area and wonder are the chief grounds of taking drugs which are voted by 68 and 66 out of 109 respondents severally. Majority of respondents believed that equal force per unit area is the chief ground. It is because equals to a great extent influence the pick of taking drugs ( Rea and Curtis 2008 ) . Teenagers care about their image and besides are disquieted about what others think about themselves. Therefore adolescents will coerce themselves to make something to suit in with the group. If one s equals have drugs abuse, the adolescent who does non take drugs will be labeled as out-of-date and be isolated from them. As the consequence, they take drugs in order to stay or go a member of a group. Curiosity The 2nd highest rated ground in our statistics is wonder. Adolescents are funny and eager to seek new experiences. They besides like to cognize the facts, gustatory sensations and feelings of taking drugs so that they may inquire inquiries about how to utilize drugs and so articulation equals who are utilizing drugs ( Ava 2010 ) . These adolescents are non forced by others but themselves. This factor ever drives adolescents to seek the first drugs. Family Problems Voted by 45 out of the 109 adolescents, the ground of deficiency of fond regard to parents tonss rank three in the statistics. Furthermore, another ground, holding helter-skelter place environment, besides related to job of household hiting rank four with 41 respondents. One of the most common grounds of drug maltreatment is precisely Family jobs ( Davidson 2010 ) . This state of affairs is occurred often particularly in younger coevalss ( Davidson 2010 ) . Since they may non hold the authorization to voice at place and they do nt cognize what they can make, they may seek to utilize drugs to bury about the strivings and adversities that they are traveling through in their households ( Davidson 2010 ) . However, taking drugs can non avoid happening of the jobs ( Melinda Smith, M.A. , and Joanna Saisan 2010 ) . Drugs may convey you a better feeling in short-run, but you will still be low self-esteem, anxiousness, solitariness, or unhappy in household life in long-run. The effects and j obs caused in physical, psychological and societal by drug maltreatment may be extra the original job that you are get awaying from ( Melinda Smith, M.A. , and Joanna Saisan 2010 ) . Decision From the above consequences, grounds of adolescents taking drugs can be separated into three factors which are community, personal and household factors ( Rea and Curtis 2008 ) . Furthermore, our statistics on the grounds of taking drugs are co-occuring to the information from Hong Kong Legislative Council Secretariat. The major grounds are equals influence, wonder and alleviation of anxiousness from household jobs. Rehabilitation of Drug Abuse Presents rehabilitation plans Because of new cognition about drug maltreatment, extra and comprehensive intervention methods have been developed. Identifying addicted single and bar of drug dependance are more focussed in rehabilitation plans. Treatment plans seem to be specialized to different methods for different populations, such as striplings, grownups, persons and groups. Furthermore, plans make usage of a assortment of therapy agents, for illustration, physicians, nurses, psychologists, retrieving nuts or societal workers ( Sussman A ; Ames 212 ) . Figure 2.2.1: A therapy procedure flow chart from Sussman and Ames ( 2001 ) . Cardinal basicss of rehabilitation for striplings and emerging grownups Brannign, Schackman, Falco, A ; Millman ( cited in Sussman A ; Ames 219 ) , created a list of nine cardinal basicss of effectual drug maltreatment intervention for striplings. First, plan should include extended appraisals covering psychological and medical issue, larning disablements, household operation, and other Fieldss of the adolescents lives. Second, plan should cover with all angles of adolescents lives, for case, household, school, and societal activities. Third, Parents are necessary to be involved in the plan. Forth, developmental differences between grownups and adolescents should be considered. Fifth, the plan should set up a clime of believe, which is a important component to prosecute adolescents in intervention. Sixth, the intervention staff should fit with cognition of stripling development, co morbidity issues, and substance maltreatment. Seventh, the plan should be able to manage the different demands of adolescents. Eighth, plan should include aftercare progra ms. Finally, plan should besides include stiff assessments for implementing intervention services. Harm Decrease Erickson ( cited in Sussman A ; Ames 223 ) stated that injury decrease emphasizes to understand a personal s ability to modulate his or her behaviour. The common construct of injury decrease is to relieve harmful effect of substances dependance and diminish person s hazard of injury to self or others ( Duncan et. al. , Marlatt, Somers, A ; Tapert, Pentz, Sussman, A ; Newman, cited in Sussman A ; Ames 223 ) . For illustration, utilizing dolophine hydrochloride alternatively of mistreating drugs is being used as a harm decrease plan in Hong Kong. This intervention is called dolophine hydrochloride intervention which aims to promote drug maltreaters to instance substance maltreatment and avoid the spreading of contagious disease like AIDS during injection. General Rehabilitation in Hong Kong Harmonizing to the information provided from Narcotics Division, Security Bureau, Hong Kong has offered different types installations and plans to different drug maltreater. Basically, reding plan which have medical support service and aid to purchase psychoactive medical specialty and residential drug rehabilitation plan are provided to psychotropic substances Abusers. For diacetylmorphine maltreater, every bit same as psychotropic substances Abusers, authorities besides have reding plan and particularly offer a Out-patient Methadone Treatment Program helping these maltreater to rehabilitate with the aid of societal worker and psychologist. Furthermore, the service and plan mentioned above are voluntary to fall in as the basis of rehabilitation are the maltreater themselves. Apart from Hong Kong authorities, Society for the Aid and Rehabilitation of Drug Abusers is one of the celebrated rehabilitation centres. It has a plan merely for female or adolescents. They aim to assist drug maltreater to reconstruct their life span and a normal household life. In add-on, the individual who is sentenced or in prison are compulsory to hold placement strategy clasp by Hong Kong Corrections Services. Rehabilitation for adolescent in Hong Kong Adolescent may be a group of being drug addicted easy because of wonder. Actually, the HKSAR have conducted many research about the job of adolescent drug maltreatment and the method of bar and rehabilitation, such as The 2008/09 Survey of Drug Use among Students which to acknowledge the pupil s cognition and attitude of drug maltreatment. The newest is The Fifth Three-year Plan on Drug Treatment and Rehabilitation ServicesA in Hong Kong ( 2009 2011 ) to look into which drug intervention and rehabilitation services should utilize in following three twelvemonth. Except the authorities section, some voluntary organisation or private rehabilitation centre besides have rehabilitation plans. Zheng Sheng College organized by Christian Zheng Sheng Association Limited is one of the organisations assisting the adolescent who had been drug maltreater. During the period of intervention, societal workers and psychologist play an of import function. They improve the patient s psychological wellness as their remedy to assist them to return a normal life. Decision In this research, we chiefly analyze the positions on the grounds of drugs maltreatment and rehabilitation among adolescents in Hong Kong. The study has shown their basic cognition of drugs maltreatment and collected their sentiments on rehabilitation. Through the questionnaire, we know that whether adolescents understand the grounds of taking drugs and the ways to acquire drugs. We besides find out that whether adolescents know the demands when a drug maltreater is under recovery intervention, or if they feel acceptable if a rehab centre is located near them. Harmonizing to the study, adolescents largely think that equal force per unit area and wonder are the chief grounds of drugs maltreatment, after that follow the helter-skelter place environment, deficiency of fond regard to parents, aggression and holding merriment. It is believed that they agree equals to a great extent influence the pick of taking drugs, every bit good as exhilaration seeking. Besides, they can understand that drugs abuse can be related to job of household. For illustration, drug maltreater may desire to utilize drugs to bury about the strivings and adversities. Since drugs abuse becomes a serious long term job today, several recommendations on how authorities can supply aids are given and discussed in the following. Recommendations After look intoing the respondents positions on the grounds of drug maltreatment and rehabilitation, there are several recommendations, which could be good in assisting adolescents to avoid and cover with drug maltreatment in order to obtain a more healthy life. Preventing Drug Abuse Drug maltreatment can be prevented by uncluttering up the factors which may deteriorate to drug maltreatment. Here are some recommendations on those factors: Parents help to battle equal force per unit area From the study, more than half of respondents choose which pushed equal force per unit area as the highest graded ground. In order to avoid the negative effects due to this factor, parents are recommended to prosecute the followers methods which are suggested by Family First Aid of the United States. Communication: Parents should speak with adolescents on a regular basis to understand their psychological province whether teens are depressed under equal force per unit area. Having clear outlooks: Parents should speak with teens about the clear outlook such as promoting them to take positive friends when they were immature. Know adolescents friends and their parents: Parents should cognize the friends parents to allow the adolescents cognizing that they are checked up sometimes by naming the friends parents. Furthermore, parents can besides seek to do their place to be an inviting topographic point for teens. Hence, it can oversee them more easy. The above methods are already plenty for parents to forestall their kid far from peer force per unit area. Parents help to cut down adolescents wonder In add-on to battling peer force per unit area, parents should besides assist striplings to fulfill their wonder. The efficiency methods are the followerss. Stating the serious effects of holding drug maltreatment to take their funny on drugs when adolescents are immature Helping adolescents to develop a good value and attitude to forestall drugs abuse Teaching the right manner for the drug usage, such as obey the physicians order to utilizing drugs Warning the adolescents when they are utilizing the drug by themselves determination Above methods are helpful for adolescents to hold a good wont on drug usage. Schools aid to heighten the instruction on adolescents to forestall drug maltreatment Harmonizing to our study, over 35 % of respondents select No cognition about rehabilitation interventions. Beside, cognition of drugs is besides important for adolescents. Therefore, school or instruction authorization should take a duty for educating adolescents about drugs substances, bar, and intervention. The undermentioned events can be held in order to catch adolescents involvements: Keeping negotiations of ex-drug nut and Adding the moral instruction to be regular lesson Keeping the some competitions about anti-drugs, such as posting and slogan competitions Since there are many adolescents who are taking drugs are misconception on drug maltreatment, school instruction would be an of import character to rectify their misinterpretation. Deal with Family Problems Lack of concern, is a common household jobs that may take to youth drug maltreaters. However, Family jobs are hard to work out by adolescents, since they may non hold much authorization to voice their feelings during the detonation of emotion of their parents. Then, how to cover with household jobs? It s the duty of Parents that continually let the younger coevals cognizing you care about them ( Sherman ) . Furthermore, Adolescents could speak to them in a peace state of affairs in order to allow them hold an rousing to the jobs. Arousal the jobs is the first measure of work outing them. Furthermore, Harmonizing to Jacobs, there are 5 instructions for forestalling and work outing the struggle: Do non respond instantly, but think about the jobs rationally. Do nt state anything, if it would nt assist to better the state of affairs. Do non dish the dirt. Make seek the best to set household foremost. Make non be antagonized by hurtful unfavorable judgment. In dependence, You ca nt pick your household, but you can pick your friends. said Sherman. Adolescents can widen the web of good friends. Social support is really of import when you feel down and dying. But, significantly, Do non run into the friend that may entice or even hale you to take drugs.

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Report - Essay Example The four components are, Consumption, Investment, Government Purchases and Net exports. 2008 The period under consideration is the two last quarters in 2008 i.e. the third and fourth quarters. In the third quarter, the US GDP decreased by -3.7% , this decrease was informed by a ragged growth in the four areas, Consumption, Investment, Net exports, and Government expenditure. Consumption was down to -3.8%, investment went down to -16.5%, and government expenditure was the only positive component at 4.3%. In the fourth quarter GDP deteriorated further registering a contraction to -8.9%. This contraction was informed by a -5.1% contraction in consumption, -33.9% contractions in investment and a further decline of government expenditure to 1.6%. 2009 In 2009, though the GDP was still recording negative GDP, there was a slight improvement as growth went up to -5.3% compared to the -8.9% recorded in the last quarter of 2008. This slight growth in GDP was informed by a -1.6 growth in consum ption, a further decline to -43% in investment, and a slight increase in government expenditure from 1.6% to 1.8%. In the second quarter the GDP continued to improve from -5.3% the previous quarter to -0.3%. This marked improvement was as a result of -1.8% decline in consumption (compared to -1.6% the previous quarter), -27.1% increase in investment, and a marked improvement of government spending to 9.6%. In the third quarter, the GDP continued to grow, for the first time in four quarters it recorded a positive figure of 1.4%. This was informed by a 2.1% growth in consumption, a -1.7% improvement in investment, and a 3.7 rise in government spending/expenditure. In the last quarter of 2009, the GDP increased further to a marked rise of 4.0%. In this quarter, consumption remained the same, investment went up by 41.4%, and government spending went up by 1.1%. 2010 In the first quarter of 2010, the GDP failed to register continued growth from the figures recorded in the last quarter of 2009. Instead, it grew by 2.3% which was a 1.7% decline in growth. This was informed by a 2.5% growth in consumption, a 19.8% growth in investment and

Investigation of the relationship between gender and grades Essay

Investigation of the relationship between gender and grades - Essay Example The Study Background of the Study Boys and girls have been noted to perform differently in different grades at schools. While some researchers believe that this is because of the difference in their attitudes, there are those that believe that there are other factors contributing towards the difference in performance. For instance, we have a significant difference in grade level and gender in primary schools and the student attitude towards scientific and mathematical subjects. However, this is not the only case. This is because although student attitude changes depending on subjects and as their grade level rises, capabilities, and grasping ability also play a part in regulating the way students perform at the schools. In the contemporary society, studies have revealed that the female students form the largest group of students attending school at a late age across all nations. However, while this is more prevalent at the higher levels of learning, the studies also show that they ar e represented all over from elementary to graduate school. Furthermore, even despite the fact that they commence their studies at a late age, they are less represented in different levels of study (Emslie, Hunt, & Macintyre, 1999). In further exploring on how female students perform El Rafei (2009) observes that these students are also left out of science and mathematics subjects. Therefore, he further goes to elaborate that if the trend continues in the schools at the United States, the country faces a potential of a serious shortfall in the number of female students undertaking fields in subjects such as science and mathematics. In support of these assertions by El Rafei, Emslie, Hunt, and Macintyre (1999) explain that the ultimately, the female students might not be failing at higher levels of leraning due to their negligence or lack of concetration. This is because these students received a poor background in these subjects as they were undergoing their prepartion classes at the early elementary grade school. Therefore, this undermined their success rates at the high schools and colleges. Ultimately, they avoid the subject fields and this affects their career choices in life. Therefore, it is important that all students, especially the female students and the minority groups receive adequate training and preparation for their science and mathematics subjects at an early stage. This is because adequate preparation enables them to develop social and intellectual interest in the subjects. Furthermore, it also assists them to participate fully in their technological societies as they seek to contribute to the society. However, it is not always that female students get interested in studying sceince and mathemenatics subjects. In any case, a basic understanding of the students in these subjects is critical. However, this is not so that they make career choices related to the fields. This is because it enhances their ability to think and make calculated decision s in their lives. Description of the Study The objective of the study is to investigate grade level and gender and their association with the overall performance of students at in high school. However, while all subjects were considered, the main area of focus was mathematics and science subjects for students at the 9th and 10th grade. As the study began, a number of questionnaires were administered to over 500 students in these two grades. For comprehensive analysis, two

Health Information Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Health Information Systems - Essay Example Moreover, implementation of Cisco devices would add more reliability to the existing system and help the professionals to obtain the best results. The medical center is facing several problems, which are giving rise to numerous other critical issues in regards of patient care and medication. In such a state of affair, the board of directors needs to sort out the core problems and make arrangements for the medical center to function properly. The standard of patient care needs to be improved and a feasible technological solution is to be implemented. It is the very duty of the advisory committee to examine the possible options that can aid in the better functioning of the hospital and help the hospital staff in building a standard work culture. There are errors in patient medication, maintenance of lab records and patient charts, prompt communication, etc. Doctors are not getting sufficient, authentic, and timely information of their patients, and nurses are receiving incorrect or incomplete orders from the physicians. There are problems in the radiology department and pathology labs. A combined effect of these problems is culminating at occasional critical incidences and loss of hospital reputation. The idea of the CTO is very much in compliance with the hospital’s genuine requirements. If the medical professionals are enabled to access and exploit the hospital information system anywhere and anytime, several vital issues can be really solved. The following recommendations are intended to create a proper roadmap in this concern: 1. Implementation of IEEE 802.11g: The IEEE 802.11g networks use a 25 MHz channel and a spatial stream with the aid of a single antenna, providing only a single transmit/receive path between all the wireless access points and devices. It can obtain a speed up to 54 Mbps. 2. Implementation of IEEE 802.11n: Using the Multiple Input

Tables for refrigerant of R134a in the domestic refrigerator

Tables for refrigerant of R134a in the domestic refrigerator CHAPTER -4 RESULTS DISCUSSION 4.1 Experimental Procedure on Running Refrigeration Tutor 4.1.1 Tables for refrigerant of R134a in the domestic refrigerator Table reading taken from the process of R134a refrigerant placed within the experimental setup. Note the reading of compressor water, mechanical device outlet condenser outlet, evaporator temperature pressure & of varied parameters within the setup. This is the normal domestic refrigerator having refrigerant 180 grams placed in the system. Table 4.1.1 Reading of R134a Refrigerant without Heat Exchanger This is the heat exchanger domestic refrigerator having refrigerant 150 grams placed in the system, experimental setup is same procedure is same as normal domestic refrigerator. Table 4.1.2 Reading of R134a Refrigerant with Heat Exchanger 4.1.2 Tables for refrigerant of R410a in the domestic refrigerator Table 4.1.2.1 Reading for R410a without Heat Exchanger Table reading taken from the experimental procedure of R410a refrigerant placed in the experimental setup . Note down reading as per procedure placed in third chapter-3 This is the normal domestic refrigerator having refrigerant 120 grams placed in the system Table 4.1.2.2 Reading for R410a Refrigerant with Heat Exchanger This is the heat exchanger domestic refrigerator having refrigerant 105 grams placed in the system. Experimental setup is same procedure is same as normal domestic refrigerator. 4.2 Calculation the Coefficient of Performance a Refrigerator Tutor 4.2.1 Calculating COP of R134a Normal Heat Exchanger Domestic Refrigerator Sample Calculation for R134a Normal Refrigerator: Taking valves from table 4.1.1 of following parameter Evaporator temperature :T1 0c:-9.3 Pressure (bar) : P1:0.55 Compressor temperature (outlet): T2 0c:57.5 Pressure (bar): P2:11.72 Condenser temperature (outlet):T3 0c:44 Pressure (bar): P3:11.03 Taking reading and seeing enthalpy values from the data handbook with having refrigerant R134a PH chart Evaporator enthalpy H1:585KJ/Kg K Compressor enthalpy H2:615KJ/Kg K Condensed enthalpy H3:460KJ/Kg K C.O.P :(H1-H3)/(H2-H1) :(585-460)/ (615-585) C.O.P:4.16 Sample Calculation for R134a with Heat Exchanger Refrigerator: Taking valves from table 4.1.2 of following parameter Evaporator temperature :T1 0c:-9.6 Pressure (bar) : P1:0.58 Compressor temperature (outlet): T2 0c:55.6 Pressure (bar): P2:15.72 Condenser temperature (outlet):T3 0c:41.6 Pressure (bar): P3:15.03 Taking reading and seeing enthalpy values from the data handbook with having refrigerant R134a PH chart Evaporator enthalpy H1:587KJ/Kg K Compressor enthalpy H2:617KJ/Kg K Condensed enthalpy H3:458KJ/Kg K C.O.P :(H1-H3)/ (H2-H1) :(587-458)/ (617-587) C.O.P:4.3 Table 4.2.1 C.O.P of R134a refrigerant with without H.E Figure 4.2.1 Graph Shows C.O.P of R134a refrigerant with without H.E 4.2.2 Calculating COP of R1410a Normal Heat Exchanger Domestic Refrigerator Sample Calculation for R410a Normal Refrigerator: Taking valves from table 4.1.2.1 of following parameter Evaporator temperature :TÂ ­1 0c:-12 Pressure (bar) : P1:1.103 Compressor temperature (outlet): T2 0c:56.8 Pressure (bar): P2:30 Condenser temperature (outlet):T3 0c:43.9 Pressure (bar): P3:29.65 Taking reading and seeing enthalpy values from the data handbook with having refrigerant R410a PH chart Evaporator enthalpy H1:434.6KJ/Kg K Compressor enthalpy H2:441KJ/Kg K Condensed enthalpy H3:423KJ/Kg K C.O.P :(H1-H3)/ (H2-H1) :(434.6-423)/ (441-434.6) C.O.P:1.81 Sample Calculation for R410a with Heat Exchanger Refrigerator: Taking valves from table 4.1.2.2 of following parameter Evaporator temperature :T1 0c:-11.5 Pressure (bar) : P1:1.24 Compressor temperature (outlet): T2 0c:52.3 Pressure (bar): P2:30.34 Condenser temperature (outlet):T3 0c:42.6 Pressure (bar): P3:30.00 Taking reading and seeing enthalpy values from the data handbook with having refrigerant R410a PH chart Evaporator enthalpy H1:414.9KJ/Kg K Compressor enthalpy H2:425.4KJ/Kg K Condensed enthalpy H3:436.4KJ/Kg K C.O.P :(H1-H3)/ (H2-H1) :(414.9-436.4)/ (414.9-425.4) C.O.P:2.047 Table 4.2.2 Represent C.O.P of R410a without With H.E Figure 4.2.2 Graph Shows COP Of R410a without With H.E 4.3 Comparison of Discharge Temperature of R134 R410a Refrigerant 4.3.1 Comparison of Discharge Temperature of R134a without With H.E: Following table show difference between normal heat exchanger refrigeration tutor working of compressor discharge temperature thus shows the by using heat exchanger there is decrease in temperature . This leads to improve the performance of system compared to normal refrigerator tutor Table 4.3.1 Shows Compressor Discharge Temperature of Normal H.E Tutor Figure 4.3.1 Graph Shows Compressor Discharge Temperature Difference 4.3.2 Comparison of Discharge Temperature of R410a without With H.E: Following table show difference between normal heat exchanger refrigeration tutor working of compressor discharge temperature thus shows the by using heat exchanger there is decrease in temperature . This leads to improve the performance of system compared to normal refrigerator tutor Table 4.3.2 Shows Compressor Discharge Temperature of Normal H.E System Figure 4.3.2 Graph Shows Compressor Discharge Temperature Difference 4.4 Comparison of Refrigerator Tutor Running Time by Using Various Refrigerants in the System 4.4.1 Comparing Running Time Consumption R134a Refrigerator Tutor Without With H.E: When running of refrigerator tutor time calculates to get final refrigeration effect in the evaporator, when staring from end of cut-off time is taken by the refrigerator tutor. Table 4.4.1 Time Taken for Running R134a Refrigerator Tutor without with H.E In this process found that time is decreased when tin the H.E refrigerator running time compared to normal refrigerator without H.E. Figure 4.4.1 Graph Shows Difference of Time Taken for Running Refrigeration system 4.4.2 Comparing Running Time Consumption R410a Refrigerator Tutor Without With H.E: When the running mode of refrigerator tutor time calculate to get final refrigeration effect in the evaporator, when staring from end of cut-off time is taken by the refrigerator tutor .In this process found that time is decreased when tin the H.E refrigerator running time compared to normal refrigerator without H.E. Table 4.4.2 Time Taken for Running R410a Refrigerator without with H.E Figure No 4.4.2 Shows Difference of Time Taken For Running Refrigeration 4.5 Calculating Energy Consumption of Various Refrigerant using without with H.E 4.5.1 Calculating the Energy Consumption for the Domestic Refrigerator for Running System: By giving electric power to refrigerator tutor energy meter placed to output supply to calculate energy consumption .Taking the reading from table 4.1.14.1.2 evaporator, 5 revolution of energy meter in seconds. Hence calculate the energy consumption into hours. At -9Â ºc freezer point time taken for 5 revolution of energy meter is 60second Energy meter constant :1200revolution: 1 KW :1200=3600Kj 1 revolution:3600/1200 Kj/rev For 5 revolution :(5*3600)/ (60*1200) Energy consumption: 0.25Kw-hr Table 4.5.1 Reading of Energy Consumption (KW) of Domestic Refrigerator during operation Figure 4.5.1 Shows the Difference of Energy Consumption in Without With H.E 4.5.2 Calculating the Energy Consumption for the Domestic Refrigerator for Running System: By giving electric power to refrigerator tutor energy meter placed to output supply to calculate energy consumption .Taking the reading from table 4.1.2.1 4.1.2.2 evaporator, 5 revolution of energy meter in seconds. Hence calculate the energy consumption into hours. At -10Â ºc freezer point time taken for 5 revolution of energy meter is 38.12second Energy meter constant :1200revolution: 1 KW :1200=3600KJ 1 revolution:3600/1200 KJ/rev For 5 revolution :(5*3600)/ (38.12*1200) Energy consumption: 0.393kw-hr Table 4.5.2 Reading of Energy Consumption (kw) of Domestic Refrigerator during Operation Freezer cut-off point OC -10 -12 -14.1 -16.8 -19.6 R410a Without H.E 0.393 0.385 0.383

America Must Learn to Respect the Elderly Essay -- Argumentative Persu

America Must Learn to Respect the Elderly It is blatantly evident that America is a country in which youth is king. Everyone wants to look young, feel young, and possess that youthful vigor and dynamism that is so highly respected by both the media and by the public. Our shelves are stocked with products to make us appear younger in any way, shape, or form; our most popular reality TV shows revolve around the lives of the young and beautiful. It seems that America’s population has forgotten that with luck, some day we will all become older. We will become those wrinkly, slow, and uncannily wise beings that hover in the background of today’s society. And what kind of life will we find once we reach that invisible point? Today’s elderly are treated with resentment and antagonism that is in appalling opposition to the respect that they deserve. In many other countries around the globe, especially in the East, growing older is an outward sign of one’s increase in knowledge and experiences. Because of this healthily accurate image of aging, the process is seen as admirable; grand...